Fig. 3

Antiviral activity of berbamine and tetrandrine against ASFV in Vero cells. (A) ASFV titer for cells exposed to berbamine at increasing concentrations from 3.1 µM to 50 µM. (B) ASFV titer for cells exposed to tetrandrine at increasing concentrations from 1.6 µM to 25 µM. (C) Western blot analysis of ASFV protein synthesis in ASFV-infected cells exposed to berbamine and tetrandrine at selected concentrations. Tubulin served as a loading control and cropping was done to show regions of interest. (D) Effect of berbamine and tetrandrine on Vero cells infected with ASFV at different MOIs. The concentrations of berbamine and tetrandrine for the experiments in panel (C) were 50 µM and 25 µM, respectively. ASFV means virus-only control without compound addition while Ber and Tet denote berbamine and tetrandrine, respectively. Results represent the mean ± s.d. of three independent experiments (n = 3). Significant differences compared to control are denoted by ^*p < 0.05 and ^**p < 0.01